piston is the "heart" of the automobile engine, and it is one of the key components of the engine working conditions, which is one of the most severe working conditions in the engine. The function of the piston is to bear the gas pressure, and the piston pin is passed to the connecting rod to drive the crankshaft to rotate. The top of the piston is the component part of the combustion chamber. piston type is generally divided into: diesel engine piston, gasoline engine piston, universal piston. the function of the piston is to bear the gas pressure, and through the piston pin to the connecting rod to drive the crankshaft to rotate, the piston top or the combustion chamber components. Working conditions of the piston at high temperature, high pressure, high speed, poor lubrication conditions. The direct contact with the high temperature gas instantaneous temperature can reach 2500K above, therefore, the heating and cooling condition is serious, and is very poor, so the piston when the temperature is high, top up to 600 ~ 700K, and the temperature distribution is not uniform; the top of the piston under air pressure, especially the power stroke maximum pressure, gasoline engine as high as 3 ~ 5MPa, the diesel engine is up to 6 ~ 9MPa, which makes the piston impact, and bear the side pressure; the piston in the cylinder at a high speed (8 ~ 12m/s) reciprocating motion, and the speed is constantly changing, it produces a large inertial force, the piston by the great additional load. Piston in this harsh conditions, will produce deformation and accelerate the wear and tear, will produce additional load and thermal stress, and by the gas chemical corrosion. Working conditions; piston working under high temperature, high pressure, high speed, poor lubrication conditions. The direct contact with the high temperature gas instantaneous temperature can reach 2500K above, therefore, the heating and cooling condition is serious, and is very poor, so the piston when the temperature is high, top up to 600 ~ 700K, and the temperature distribution is not uniform; the top of the piston under air pressure, especially the power stroke maximum pressure, gasoline engine as high as 3 ~ 5MPa, the diesel engine is up to 6 ~ 9MPa, which makes the piston impact, and bear the side pressure; the piston in the cylinder at a high speed (8 ~ 12m/s) reciprocating motion, and the speed is constantly changing, it produces a large inertial force, the piston by the great additional load. Piston in this harsh conditions, will produce deformation and accelerate the wear and tear, will produce additional load and thermal stress, and by the gas chemical corrosion. .  test is mainly to measure piston skirt diameter, ring groove height and the piston pin hole size; piston cylinder repair should be according to the matching size. Usually increase the size of values on the piston crown. In the same series of feeding fish in the structure of the piston is not necessarily the same, so in the purchase of the piston, the piston must be based on the corresponding type of selection of the type of engine. On the same engine, the piston should choose the same brand, the same group or the same product code; the same type piston must use the same product code, guarantee the piston diameter difference and poor quality does not exceed the original provisions. Otherwise, the engine will cause poor combustion, crude, economy and the loss of power failure. Therefore in matching the piston, must be based on the type of engine. With the corresponding model of the piston piston structure. general piston is a cylindrical body, according to the different engine working conditions and requirements, the structure itself has a variety of piston, piston will generally be divided into head, the little skirt and the piston pin seat three parts. The head is the top of the piston and the part of the ring groove. The top of the piston is completely decided by the requirement of the combustion chamber. The top end is designed to reduce the contact area of the piston and the high temperature gas, so that the stress distribution is uniform. Most of the gasoline engine piston top, some engines (such as direct injection diesel engine and a new cylinder injection gasoline engine) for the formation of mixed gas, improve combustion efficiency, the deflagration to reduce to a minimum, to the top of the piston has a more complex shape, one part is provided with a combustion chamber as the depth of the pit the. The groove of the piston is called the ring groove, which is used to install the piston ring. The role of the piston ring is sealed to prevent leakage and prevent oil from entering the combustion chamber. piston skirt is the lower part of the piston, it's role is to keep the piston in the reciprocating motion of the vertical attitude, that is, the direction of the piston. piston skirt shape is very exquisite, especially as a kind of light passenger car, the designers from the structure and performance of the engine starting, often use their brains on the piston skirt, so as to make the engine compact smooth operation. A piston pin is a supporting part which is connected with the connecting rod through a piston pin. Special high speed engine piston pin is the pin holes and the piston is not necessarily in the same center line on a plane, can be offset to one side a little bit, which is shifted to one side of the piston to the power stroke when the contact wall, such as the piston to TDC transform direction after the piston knock wall reduced, thereby reducing the the noise of the engine. Piston type due to the internal combustion engine piston under high temperature and high pressure load conditions, the requirements of the piston is relatively high, so it is mainly about the classification of internal combustion engine piston. 1 according to the use of fuel, can be divided into gasoline engine piston, diesel engine piston, day gas piston. 2 according to the material to make the piston, can be divided into cast iron piston, steel piston, aluminum alloy piston and combined piston. 3 according to the process of manufacturing piston blank, can be divided into gravity casting piston, squeeze casting piston, forging piston. 4 according to the working condition of piston